Manufacturing processes generate large volumes of wastewater, with quality varying across industries. Amid growing water scarcity and increasingly stringent discharge regulations, manufacturers face mounting pressure to adopt innovative strategies for reducing, reclaiming, and reusing wastewater. To meet sustainability goals and minimise their water footprint, industries require customised, multi-stage treatment solutions that leverage advanced technologies. With a comprehensive understanding of wastewater characteristics and a whole-system approach, effective treatment systems can be engineered to produce water of a quality suitable for reuse.
Feed Water Source: Discharge of Industrial Effluent
The feed water into the WRP is the Discharge of Industrial Effluent or Mixed Effluent of Standards A and B by Department of Environment (DOE), which has already undergone:
Preliminary
Primary treatment
Secondary treatment
This effluent typically contains:
Low levels of suspended solids
Some residual organic matter (BOD)
Nutrients (N, P)
Pathogens (bacteria, viruses)
Trace chemicals or micropollutants
This treated effluent is now suitable for discharge into the environment but not yet sufficient for most reuse applications, so it undergoes advanced treatment.
Process Flow
Reclaimed Water
Reclaimed Water Quality Standards for Non-Potable Use
These standards vary by country but generally align with the Ministry of Health (KKM) requirements for safe use in non-potable applications.